When the Linux OS is closed without using the correct commands, the file system may be damaged. Incorrect shut-downs may be due to a power breakdown, operator error or hardware failure. Once the file system is damaged, it may become unstable or completely impracticable. The "fsck" utility is a command line utility used to mend damaged or corrupt file systems. In order to use the "fsck" utility, the file system must be uncounted (not in use). You can divide a single file system, such as "/home," or a whole hard drive.

Instructions

Step 1
Firstly Log into a terminal session.

Step 2
Type the command "su" to change to the root user.

Step 3
Type "init 1" to bring the system under to single-user mode. This gives only a single user, or "root," to work on the system.

Step 4
Unmount the file system by writing the command "umount /home." Change the word "home" with the name of the file system or hard drive that you desire to check.

Step 5
Type the command "fsck -y -t ext3 /home" to verify the file system. Change "ext3" with the right file system type and "/home" with the correct file system or device. The "-y" option tells the utility to fix any troubles it finds. The "-t" option defines the file system type.

Step 6
Do again the step 5 unless no other errors are reported.

Step 7
Type "exit" to close up the root session.